There are five basic components that are essential in making a robot.  These parts enable the robotic system to operate automatically with humanlike skill.

• The arm of the robot is a significant part of the robotic architecture. It positions the End Effector and the sensors that the robot will require.
• The controller functions as the "brain" of the robot. It can also network to other systems so that the robot may work together with other robots or machines. Controllers can become very complicated.
• There are many computer-based controllers on the market and many robot languages, such as Prolog.
• The drive is the engine of the robot. It enables mobility and movements between the joints of the arm. It can be powered by air, electricity, and/or water.
• The End Effector is the hand connected to the arm. The End effector can be of many different things. It could range from a being a tweezer, to a blowtorch.
• Sensors provide a robot with feedback so that it can "understand" its surroundings-otherwise a robot would be not only blind, but also deaf to its environment.